Means for the regulation or control of railway and like traffic.



H. VON KRAMER.

MEANS FOR THE REGULATION OR CONTROL OF RAILWAY AND LIKE TRAFFIC.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I916.

Patented Jan. 2, 1917.

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IN'VENTOR/ Hmvs vow KRAMER,

0., EM gmfim uf ATTORNEY.

H. VON KRAMER.

MEANS FOR THE REGULATION 0R CONTROL OF RAILWAY AND LIKE TRAFFIC.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1. ms.

1 ,21 1,01 7. Patented Jan. 2,1917.

INVEN-rom HANS vo/v KRAMER ATTomvE mr ummla rnzns can ruovnunm. \nsnmc muv n c earner tors on niarrnn era HANS VON KRAMER, OF EIDGBASTON, BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND. I

MEANS FOR THE REGULATION 0R CONTROL OF RAILWAY AND LIKE TRAFFIC.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2, 1917.

Application filed June 1, 1916. Seria1"1\To.-101,033.

To allwhom it may concern Be it known that I, HANS Von IQRAMER, subject of the King of Great Britain,'resid ing at Nheatsheaf House, Wheatsheaf Road, Edgbaston, "Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Means for the Regulation or Control of Railway and like Traffic; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same.

This invention relates to means for the regulation of railway and like traiiic of the kind wherein a line wire laid by the track is employed in combination with a frame carried by the vehicle in inductive relation neutralization ofthe inductive effect of the line wire.

In my specification No. 1,094,407 I showed a *form of signaling apparatus'of the kind in question which operated quite successfully under normal circumstances, a single wire giving the clear signal while the co-action therewith of a second wire in electrical parallel -relation therewith gave the danger signal. This apparatus possessed the defect however that if one of the parallel wires broke a clear signal might be given instead of danger.

The object of the present invention is to obviate this defect and to provide an eX- ceedingly simple apparatus, the danger portion of which is rendered inductive or noninductive relatively to the frame according to the position of the signal. This is accomplished simply by the employment of an.

additional wire on the opposite side of the track to the main wire, so that danger is given by the mutual neutralization from the additional wire and return wire; for

which purpose the additional wire is disposed in such a position relatively to the frame that it has an inductive effect which is both equal and opposite to the inductive effect of the return-wire.

Referring to the drawings:

Figures 11 are diagrammatic views showing one form of my invention applied to a double track railway system the signals being in difierent positions in each case. Fig. 5. is a diagrammatic sectional view taken as at 5-5 in Fig. 1. Fig. 6. is again a diagrammatic view showing another form ofthe invention, and Fig. 7. is a similar view of another modification.

For example as applied to a double track system as shown by Figs. 15 the arrangement may comprise a'norinal circuit consisting of an out and return wire, one disposed upon each side of the permanent way, the out wire 1 (say) being carried upon the outside of the up line 2 beyond the ends of the ties or sleepers 3, preferably raised upon suitable posts, not shown, and the return wire 4 being similarly carried upon the outside of the 'down line 5. It will be clear that in normal circumstancesthe current in these wires will'tend to cooperate to induce a current in the coil 6 carried by the frame upon a vehicle upon either track inasmuch as the current in the wires 1 and 1 is flowing in different longitudinal directions, the result being to add in the coil the resultant induced E. M. F. s from the wires '1 and 4.

When it is required to give adanger indication to, or to control, a vehicle approacherably horizontal frame carried by the vehicle became negligible for practical purposes or practically zero. This switching over of the current into the deviation wire 7 is effected by the switch 8 controlled by the signal arm. An indication may be similarly conveyed to a vehicle upon the down line by switching the current in (say) the return wire 4 into a similarly disposed additional wire 9; and it will be clear that since these additional wires are closely adjacent to one another and the current in them is in opposite directions, the operation of preparing a warning signal does not interfere with a signal already prepared upon the down line and vice versa.

The main wire and additional wire need not necessarily be upon opposite sides of the track and the necessary distance may be obtained vertically instead of horizontally, the requisite condition being to fix them in that position in which the E. M. F.s induced by them are mutually neutralizing.

The act of setting the signals may be adapted to switch the current into the normal or additional wire; further a perma nent short length 10 may be arranged to give a warning as proposed in my abovementioned specification No. 12406 A. D. 1913, and an alternate current generator G or other source of alternating current may be disposed at any convenient point in the circuit.

, Referring more especially to the diagrammatic sectional View Fig. 5 it will be seen that when the signals are in the safety position shown by Fig. l the wire 1 will induce E. M. F.s in the wire 6 and opposing but much weaker E. M. F.s in the wire 6". The wire 4 also induces E. M. F s in wire 6 and opposing but weaker E. M. F.s in wire 6; but as the wires 1 and 4 are on opposite sides of the coil and as the current is fiowing in opposite longitudinal directions in the wires 1 and 4 the result will be that the resultant effect of the wire 1 on the coil will be added to the resultant efiect of the wire 4 giving strong E. M. F.s in the coil.

If the signals be put to danger as shown by Fig. 2 and replaced respectively by the wires 7 and 9 which are on the same side of the coil; the result being that the effect of the wire 7 is neutralized by the effect of' the wire 9. Again if the one signal is lowered as shown by Fig. 3 the effect of the wire 7 will be rendered negligible by the efl'ect of the wire 4; while if the signals be in the positions shown at Fig. 4 the wire 4 willbe replaced :by the wire 9 with the result that the E. M. F.s of wires 1 and 9 will be rendered negligible.

It will be understood that apparatus will be carried in the train and'energized by the coil, which apparatus may be similar to that shown in my aforementioned prior specifications, though any other suitable apparatus may be used for the purpose of actuthen the wires 1 and 4 are cut out ating a signal upon the train which may be audible, optical or mechanical, while if desired it may be arranged to entirely stop the train,

At Figs. 6 and 7 modified arrangements of the line wires are shown the effect of which will be shown from the description given of the prior forms of the invention. It will of course be understood that where I have spoken above of mutually neutralizing E. M. F.s this is intended to signify that the'E. M. F.s neutralize one another at least to such an extent that no unbalanced E. M. F. remains suificient to afiect adversely the operation of the apparatus. To avoid interrupting the circuit during the operation of changing over the position of the signal the signal is provided with a' long quadrant contact member 14 of sulficient length tojengage both thecontact 15 for the additional deviation wire and the contact 16 for the main wire so that both of these wires cannot be out of circuit at the same time; both wires being temporarily in parallel during the operation of changing over.

What I claim then is 1. In signal apparatus for railways and the like, a danger indicating section comprising three wires only, namely, a main wire, a return wire on the opposite side of the track to the main wire, and an additional wire on the same side of the track as the return wire; and means controlled by the position of the signal for cutting out of circuit the main wire in the section and substituting the additional wire; all so arranged that when the signal is at safety the inductive effects of the main wire and return wire are added to each other, while when the signal is at danger the inductive effect of the additional wire neutralizes the inductive effect of the return wire. I

2. In signal apparatus for railways and the like, prising three wires only, viz. a main wire, a return wire on the opposite side of the track to the main wire, and a on the same side of the track as the. return wire and adapted to induce in the frame on the vehicle E. M. F.s of the same strength as those induced bythe return wire but in an opposite and neutralizing direction; for the purpose specified.

3. In combination, a track for vehicles;

an induction frame on a vehicle; a main .line wire adjacent to said track; means for passing periodic current through said line a danger indicating section com,

0 dangeriwlre' wire; a return wire in series with said main line wire but on the opposite side of the track; an additional wire normally out of circuit but adapted to be put in series with the main wire and so disposed as to have an of the signal for putting the additional Wire in circuit with the main Wire in substitution for a corresponding length of the main Wire when the signal is at danger.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

' H. V. KRAMER.

WVitnesses:

ERNEST HARKER, DAVID C. KERR.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

